Burn severity levels: Indications of first- and second-degree burns
First-degree sunburns are a common occurrence, especially during sunny days. These sunburns affect only the outermost skin layer (epidermis) and appear as redness, pain or tenderness, swelling, and sometimes skin peeling. On lighter skin tones, this redness is readily visible, while on darker skin tones, the skin may appear darker or feel warm and tender without obvious redness.
Treatment for first-degree sunburns includes cooling the skin with ice or cold water, applying aloe vera or moisturizing lotions, and taking over-the-counter pain relievers like ibuprofen or acetaminophen. It's important to stay hydrated, avoid sun exposure, and lightly bandage and apply antiseptic ointment to blistered areas.
Second-degree sunburns, on the other hand, affect both the outer (epidermis) and underlying (dermis) skin layers. They are characterized by blistering, pronounced swelling, and a deep red or splotchy appearance. The skin may look wet or shiny and may display white discoloration in severe areas. Second-degree burns are more painful and can take several weeks to heal.
Treatment for second-degree sunburns is similar to that of first-degree burns but may also require medical evaluation if symptoms worsen or systemic signs like fever or nausea occur. The burned area should be kept clean and covered with sterile non-stick bandages to prevent infection.
Early recognition of these signs on various skin tones is important for effective care and reducing complications. Seeking medical attention is necessary for children with severe sunburn. People with first-degree sunburn can ease symptoms by taking cool baths, staying hydrated, applying cool compresses, taking pain relievers, and avoiding sun exposure.
Certain risk factors increase the likelihood of sunburn, such as high UV index, fair skin, higher altitudes, outdoor activities, proximity to the equator, and being a child. To protect the skin and prevent sunburn, people should apply sunscreen with a high SPF, reapply sunscreen every 2 hours and after swimming, wear a wide-brimmed hat, wear dark, close-woven fabrics, look for shaded spots, and avoid going outdoors between 10 a.m. and 4 p.m. when the UV index is at its highest.
It's also crucial to remember that frequent sunburn can increase the risk of skin cancer. Therefore, it's essential to take adequate sun protection measures, regardless of skin tone. People should visit a healthcare professional if blistered skin covers much of the body, blisters develop on sensitive areas, symptoms of infection occur, symptoms do not improve within a few days, fever, confusion or fainting, or symptoms of dehydration, heatstroke, or heat exhaustion appear.
In summary, first-degree sunburns heal within a few days, while second-degree sunburns may take weeks to heal and may require specialist treatment. It's essential to take sun safety measures seriously to protect your skin and reduce the risk of skin cancer.
- In the realm of health-and-wellness, aloe vera or moisturizing lotions are often used for treating first-degree sunburns.
- People with fair skin may be more susceptible to sunburn than those with darker skin tones, increasing the risk of skin cancer.
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