GLP-1s don't always work for weight loss. Researchers are trying to figure out why
Obesity treatment has changed dramatically with the arrival of GLP-1 injectable drugs like Wegovy and Zepbound. These medications have helped many patients lose significant weight, but results still vary widely. Experts now stress that obesity is a complex condition with many biological and behavioural factors that require personalised approaches.
Around half of those using GLP-1 drugs achieve a weight loss of 15% or more. However, not everyone responds the same way. Differences in gut microbiomes, hormone receptor structures, and even addiction tendencies can affect how well the treatment works for each person.
Specialists warn that obesity is a chronic condition, meaning long-term management is essential. Lifestyle changes, such as diet and exercise, remain crucial for maintaining results. Some patients, like those who identify specific obesity drivers—such as genetic or hormonal imbalances—have seen better outcomes when tailoring their treatment plans. Within a few years, medical advances may allow doctors to pinpoint individual obesity factors more accurately. This could lead to more targeted and effective treatments, moving beyond the one-size-fits-all approach currently used.
While GLP-1 drugs have revolutionised obesity care, their success depends on multiple personal factors. Future tools may help customise treatments based on individual biology. For now, combining medication with lifestyle adjustments remains the most reliable way to manage the condition long term.
