Is the Safety of Spray Tanning in Question?

Spray tanning has emerged as a popular alternative to traditional sunbathing and tanning bed use, offering a bronzed look without the harmful effects of ultraviolet (UV) radiation.

Unlike tanning beds and sunbathing, spray tanning does not involve exposure to UV radiation, which is the main cause of skin damage and increased skin cancer risk. Instead, it uses the active ingredient dihydroxyacetone (DHA), a sugar compound, to react with the proteins found in the cells that make up the outer layer of your skin. This reaction creates an adherent pigment that leads to a bronze/tan color.

A Closer Look at the Risks

Tanning beds emit concentrated UVA rays that are up to three to twelve times more intense than natural sunlight, accelerating skin damage and greatly increasing the risk of melanoma and other skin cancers, even with minimal use. Traditional sunbathing also carries significant risks, including DNA damage and skin aging, especially with prolonged unprotected exposure.

The risks of tanning, whether in a tanning bed or in the sun, include evidence of UV radiation damage to the skin, leading to premature aging signs like wrinkles, dark spots, and sagging skin. Moreover, your risk of developing skin cancer from indoor tanning sessions can increase up to 15% for every four visits.

Comparing the Safety of Tanning Methods

| Aspect | Spray Tanning | Tanning Beds | Traditional Sunbathing | |-----------------------------|--------------------------------------------|---------------------------------------------|----------------------------------------------| | UV Radiation Exposure | None; uses DHA (a topical dye) | High UVA intensity (up to 3x to 12x natural sunlight UVA) | UV exposure from sun varies but is harmful in excess | | Skin Cancer Risk | No direct increased risk | Significantly increased risk of melanoma, squamous and basal cell carcinoma; risk rises even after one session and cumulatively with use[1][4] | Increased risk with high or unprotected exposure | | Skin Damage (Aging, Burns) | None from UV; may not provide sun protection | Causes skin damage, premature aging, burns | Causes skin damage, premature aging, burns | | Endorsement by Experts | Recommended by over 65% of dermatologists as safer alternative[2] | FDA requires warnings; many states restrict use | Recommended moderate sun exposure for vitamin D, but not excessive tanning |

Spray tanning is considered much safer than tanning beds and traditional sunbathing with respect to skin cancer risk and UV radiation exposure. However, it's essential to note that spray tans do not provide any sun protection, so additional sun safety measures remain important outdoors.

Potential Concerns with Spray Tanning

A lab study showed that DHA could cause DNA damage to cells, raising concerns about its potential link to cancer. Additionally, spray tanning products may contain fragrances that can be irritating for those with sensitive skin or allergies.

A report released by the FDA suggests that a small amount of applied DHA can penetrate the skin and enter the bloodstream. This, combined with the DNA damage findings, has led to ongoing research and discussions about the long-term effects of DHA use.

In conclusion, while spray tanning offers a safer alternative to tanning beds and traditional sunbathing, it is not entirely risk-free. It's crucial to consider the potential risks and make informed decisions when choosing to use these products. Always consult with a healthcare professional for personalised advice.

[1] Skin Cancer Foundation. (2021). Indoor tanning. Retrieved from www.skincancer.org/prevention/tanning [2] American Academy of Dermatology. (2021). Sunless tanning. Retrieved from www.aad.org/public/diseases/a-z/tanning-safety [3] Food and Drug Administration. (2021). Sunless tanning products. Retrieved from www.fda.gov/cosmetics/product-and-ingredient-safety/sunless-tanning-products [4] International Agency for Research on Cancer. (2016). UV radiation and skin cancer. Retrieved from www.iarc.fr/en/media-centre/pr/2016/pdfs/pr243_E.pdf [5] National Cancer Institute. (2021). Tanning beds and skin cancer risk. Retrieved from www.cancer.gov/about-cancer/causes-prevention/risk/sun/tanningbeds/tanning-beds-fact-sheet

Is the Safety of Spray Tanning in Question?