Neanderthal noses weren’t built for cold—new fossil study rewrites history
A groundbreaking study has reshaped our understanding of Neanderthal facial features. Researchers examined Altamura Man, the most complete Neanderthal fossil ever found, and discovered that their large noses were not primarily shaped by cold climates. The findings challenge long-held assumptions about how these ancient humans adapted to icy environments. Altamura Man’s fossilised skeleton was uncovered in Italy over 130,000 years ago. Unlike most Neanderthal remains, this specimen is remarkably intact, with the skull, shoulders, and arms still fused to the cave wall. This preservation allowed scientists to conduct the first direct analysis of a Neanderthal nasal cavity. The research provides concrete evidence against the theory that Neanderthal noses evolved mainly for cold resistance. Instead, their size appears tied to overall body structure. The study of Altamura Man’s nasal cavity now stands as a key reference for future investigations into Neanderthal anatomy.
