Oral Cancer Variations Explored
Oral cancer is a serious health concern that affects many people worldwide. This type of cancer can develop in various parts of the mouth, including the lips, gums, jaws, and throat.
The most common type of oral cancer is Squamous Cell Carcinoma (SCC), which starts in the squamous cells lining the mouth, tongue, and lips. Other types of oral cancer include Leukoplakia and Erythroplakia, which can cause abnormal growths in the mouth, potentially transforming into cancer without treatment. Basal Cell Carcinoma (BCC) is another type that starts in the basal cells of the lips. Melanoma, while uncommon, is a type of skin cancer that can also affect the oral cavity.
Oral cancer can be highly curable if diagnosed early, as with lip cancer. Early diagnosis improves a person's outlook and prevents complications. Treatment for lip cancer typically involves surgery, with possible additional use of radiation, chemotherapy, or a combination. More complex procedures may include Glossectomy, a surgical operation to remove part or all of the tongue, or Maxillectomy, a surgical procedure used to remove cancer from the roof of the mouth. In some cases, Mandibulectomy, a surgical procedure used to remove cancer from the jawbone, or Mandibulotomy, where the jawbone is split to reach oral cancer tumors, may be necessary.
However, oral cancer is more common in people who use tobacco or drink alcohol excessively. Prolonged sun exposure, especially leading to lip cancer due to ultraviolet (UV) radiation, is another risk factor. A weakened immune system, family history of cancer, poor oral hygiene, older age (over 55 years), male sex, and a diet low in fruits and vegetables also contribute to the development of oral cancers.
In addition, HPV-positive cancer is a less common form of oral cancer that affects young people with no history of tobacco or alcohol use.
Lymphoma, a cancer of the lymphatic system, can also develop in the mouth. In advanced stages of oral cancer, a Neck dissection, a surgical procedure used to remove lymph nodes affected by cancer, may be necessary.
It is crucial to be aware of these risk factors and to seek medical attention if any unusual symptoms persist, such as sores, lumps, or white or red patches in the mouth that do not heal within two weeks. Regular dental check-ups and maintaining good oral hygiene can also help in the early detection and prevention of oral cancer.
[1] American Cancer Society. (2021). Oral cancer. Retrieved from https://www.cancer.org/cancer/oral-cancer.html [2] Mayo Clinic. (2021). Oral cancer. Retrieved from https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/oral-cancer/symptoms-causes/syc-20369440 [3] National Cancer Institute. (2021). Oral cancer. Retrieved from https://www.cancer.gov/types/oral [4] Oral Cancer Foundation. (2021). Risk factors for oral cancer. Retrieved from https://www.oralcancerfoundation.org/risk-factors/ [5] Cancer Research UK. (2021). Oral cancer causes. Retrieved from https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/about-cancer/types/oral-cancer/causes
- Science and medical advancements have opened up new avenues for neck and throat surgeries like Glossectomy, Maxillectomy, Mandibulectomy, and Mandibulotomy, which are often employed as therapies and treatments for various stages of oral cancer.
- In addition to the physical consequences, oral cancer can also bring mental turmoil, making mental health a critical element of health and wellness during and post-treatment.
- Skin-care practices, especially sun protection, are essential for reducing the risk of Basal Cell Carcinoma and melanoma, both of which can occur in the oral cavity as well as other parts of the body.
- A growing proportion of oral cancer cases are attributed to HPV (Human Papillomavirus) infection, particularly in the young population that exhibits no history of tobacco or alcohol use, indicating the need for comprehensive sex education in health and wellness curriculums.
