Rapid action required: Scientists urgently working to freeze a severely endangered tree species to prevent its extinction
The angle-stemmed myrtle (Gossia gonoclada), a critically endangered tree species in Australia, is facing a significant threat from myrtle rust, an exotic fungus that has reduced the number of these plants since 2010. With approximately 380 specimens remaining in the wild, scientists and researchers are working tirelessly to preserve the DNA of this unique tree for future generations.
Dr. Huajin Tang, the researcher involved in the cryopreservation of the shoot tips of the angle-stemmed myrtle, is leading the charge. The shoot tips will be preserved at ultra-low temperatures of minus 196 degrees Celsius to ensure their longevity. Cryoprotective solutions will be used to prevent damage to plant cells during freezing.
The method for freezing and regenerating the angle-stemmed myrtle has been successful with the sweet myrtle. Researchers are now working to adapt this method for the angle-stemmed myrtle and improve its survival rate. They are growing sterile shoots of the angle-stemmed myrtle in a jelly for preservation.
City of Logan authorities and partners are also involved in the effort to identify disease- and climate-resistant specimens of the angle-stemmed myrtle. About 300 of these specimens are found in the City of Logan area in southeast Queensland. However, Hayward and Bao, who are part of the research team, haven't found any disease- or climate-resistant specimens yet.
Ensuring genetic diversity is crucial for the future survival of the angle-stemmed myrtle. Scientists are working to preserve the most diverse individuals of the tree for future breeding. Hayward advocates for the implementation of cryobanks to preserve the diversity of foods and endangered plants for future generations.
The angle-stemmed myrtle is a small tree that grows along waterways in Australia's dry rainforests. It has glossy leaves, square stems, and sweet, fleshy fruit. Invasive species, including myrtle rust, pose a threat to the angle-stemmed myrtle.
The preservation of the angle-stemmed myrtle is not just a scientific endeavour, but a crucial step in safeguarding Australia's biodiversity. The research and efforts being made by Dr. Tang and her team offer hope for the future of this critically endangered tree species.
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