Sleep Apnea’s Hidden Threat: How It Damages Your Eyes Over Time
Sleep apnoea, a disorder that disrupts breathing during sleep, has been linked to a range of eye problems. Research shows that up to half of those diagnosed with the condition also experience eye-related issues. These can vary from mild dryness to severe conditions like glaucoma and vision loss.
The risk of developing eye complications appears to rise with the severity of sleep apnoea. Many patients using CPAP machines—common devices for treating the disorder—also report dry eye symptoms due to air leakage from poorly fitted masks.
Obstructive sleep apnoea causes repeated pauses in breathing while asleep, often leading to frequent awakenings. Common signs include loud snoring, daytime fatigue, and restless nights. Left untreated, the condition can contribute to broader health problems, such as type 2 diabetes and heart disease.
Studies have found that people with sleep apnoea face a higher risk of eye conditions. Glaucoma, which damages the optic nerve and can cause blindness, is more prevalent among this group. Other linked problems include nonarteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy—a condition caused by reduced blood flow to the optic nerve—as well as central serous chorioretinopathy, retinal vein occlusion, and floppy eyelid syndrome.
Dry eye is another frequent issue, particularly for CPAP users. The airflow from the mask can escape and blow across the eyes, drying the surface and causing irritation. Symptoms like burning, redness, or a gritty sensation often follow. Adjusting the mask fit and adding a humidifier to the CPAP device can help ease these effects.
The connection between sleep apnoea and eye health is clear. As the condition worsens, so does the likelihood of developing related eye problems. Proper management of sleep apnoea, including regular CPAP use with the right settings, may reduce some of these risks.
For those with sleep apnoea, awareness of potential eye complications is important. Regular eye check-ups and proper CPAP maintenance can help lower the risk of dryness and more serious conditions. Addressing sleep apnoea effectively may also improve overall eye health in the long term.
