The hidden truth about children on plant-based diets researchers don't want you to miss
A major study has found that vegetarian and vegan diets can support healthy growth in children—if carefully planned. Researchers analysed data from over 48,000 young people across 18 countries. Their findings highlight both benefits and key nutritional challenges for families choosing plant-based eating.
The meta-analysis, led by Dr. Monica Dinu from the University of Florence, reviewed 59 studies involving children and adolescents. The team included scientists from Italy, the USA, and Australia. Their work revealed that vegetarian and vegan children often had better cardiovascular health markers than omnivorous peers.
Children on plant-based diets typically consumed more fibre, iron, folate, vitamin C, and magnesium. However, vegetarian children tended to take in less total energy, protein, fat, vitamin B12, and zinc. Vegan children faced particular difficulties with calcium intake. The study also noted differences in body composition. Plant-based diets were linked to slightly reduced height and weight, lower BMI, and decreased fat mass. Bone mineral content was also lower in these groups. Researchers stressed that these diets can work well if parents focus on critical nutrients. They advised using fortified foods or supplements for vitamin B12, calcium, iodine, iron, and zinc. The team recommended working with healthcare professionals to create balanced meal plans. The study had some limitations. Most of the included research used cross-sectional designs, and methods varied across populations. Despite this, the authors hope their findings will provide clearer, evidence-based guidance for families.
The research confirms that vegetarian and vegan diets can meet children’s nutritional needs with proper planning. Parents are urged to seek expert advice and monitor key nutrients closely. Without careful attention, children on plant-based diets may miss out on essential vitamins and minerals during critical growth stages.
