What 2025 longevity research reveals about keeping your mind sharp
A major US study has found that lifestyle changes can protect older adults from cognitive decline. The POINTER trial, led by Dr. Laura D. Baker at Wake Forest University, tracked over 2,000 participants for two years. Results showed that structured interventions improved brain function, even in those at higher risk of memory loss.
The study, published in JAMA, tested the effects of five key lifestyle changes: physical exercise, diet adjustments, cognitive engagement, social interaction, and health monitoring. Participants were split into two groups—one receiving structured guidance and the other following self-directed advice. Both groups saw cognitive improvements, but the structured group showed slightly greater gains, scoring 0.243 standard deviations higher per year compared to 0.213 for the self-guided participants.
Physical activity played a central role in the intervention. Aerobic exercise, strength training, and balance work were all included, as these boost blood flow, reduce inflammation, and support brain cell growth. The MIND diet, rich in leafy greens, berries, nuts, whole grains, fish, and olive oil, was another key component, having previously been linked to a lower risk of Alzheimer’s. Social connection also proved vital. Group meetings and shared goals helped reinforce the programme’s benefits, with researchers noting that regular interaction appeared to shield against cognitive decline. Notably, adults with lower initial cognition scores benefited the most, suggesting that early lifestyle changes could slow or even reverse memory loss. The Alzheimer’s Association now plans to follow these participants for another four years, with further analyses expected.
The findings suggest that immediate lifestyle changes can safeguard brain health in older adults. The structured approach—combining exercise, diet, mental stimulation, social ties, and health checks—offered measurable benefits. With long-term follow-up underway, researchers aim to confirm whether these effects persist over time.
