Why lupus patients struggle with sleep—and how to improve it
Sleep problems are common among people with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Studies suggest between 55% and 85% of those with the condition experience some form of sleep disorder. These disturbances often appear alongside fatigue, pain, and psychological strain.
Research highlights several links between lupus and poor sleep. A 2023 study found that obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) occurs more frequently in people with lupus than in the general population. OSA blocks the airways during sleep, causing repeated awakenings and daytime tiredness.
Pain from lupus flares can also disrupt sleep, though the intensity of evening pain does not always determine how badly rest is affected. Certain medications, including glucocorticoids, belimumab, and hydroxychloroquine, may further increase the risk of sleep issues. A 2023 analysis also tied perceived stress and glucocorticoid use to higher rates of insomnia in lupus patients.
Beyond physical factors, mental health plays a role. A 2021 review confirmed a moderate connection between depression and sleep quality in those with lupus. Frequent nighttime awakenings and insomnia are often reported, adding to daily exhaustion.
Experts recommend improving sleep hygiene as a first step. When lifestyle changes fail, consulting a doctor can help address underlying causes or adjust treatments.
Sleep disorders in lupus range from insomnia to OSA, affecting over half of patients. Medications, pain, and stress all contribute to the problem. Better management of these factors could lead to improved rest and quality of life for those living with the condition.
