Elderberry supplements surge in popularity—but do they really boost immunity?
Demand for elderberry supplements has risen as people seek ways to strengthen their immune systems during the COVID-19 pandemic. Often used to ease cold and flu symptoms, these products are now being considered for broader health support. However, experts warn that their safety and effectiveness remain unclear for certain groups and conditions. Elderberry has long been used to help with upper respiratory infections, including the flu and common cold. Some studies suggest it may shorten the duration of symptoms, though it does not prevent illness. The possible benefits come from its antioxidants and anti-inflammatory effects.
Research also indicates elderberry might have antiviral properties. But no studies have tested its impact on COVID-19 specifically. The CDC and FDA have stated there is no evidence that elderberry can treat or prevent the virus. Despite its popularity, elderberry carries risks. Raw berries and other parts of the elder tree can cause nausea, vomiting, and dehydration if eaten. Supplements may also trigger cytokine production, which in rare cases could lead to severe immune reactions like cytokine storms. Certain groups should avoid elderberry entirely. It is unsafe for people with diabetes, as well as those who are pregnant or breastfeeding. Medical guidance is strongly advised before use.
While elderberry remains a common remedy for cold and flu symptoms, its role in fighting COVID-19 is unsupported by science. Health authorities continue to discourage its use for this purpose. Those considering supplements should consult a doctor, especially if they have underlying health conditions or are in high-risk groups.
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