Balanced energy intake linked to better sleep quality in women, study reveals
A new study has uncovered a link between energy balance and sleep quality in women. Researchers analysed data from over 13,000 adults in the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Their findings suggest that women with a balanced energy intake and expenditure enjoy better sleep than those with a significant energy deficit. The research team, led by Prof. Park Min-seon and Prof. Seo Min-jeong, examined how diet and physical activity affect sleep duration. Participants were divided into four groups based on their energy balance index, which compares calories consumed to calories burned.
Results showed that women with the most balanced energy levels had a 29% lower risk of insufficient sleep compared to those with the most severe energy deficit. Even women who consumed slightly more or substantially more energy than they expended experienced better sleep than those with a major shortfall. The study also found that the body uses around 400 calories during sleep to support immune function and reduce inflammation. However, this effect was not observed in men. Researchers attributed the gender difference to variations in neuroendocrine and immune regulation. Women, they noted, tend to react more strongly to metabolic and hormonal changes, which can worsen sleep quality when the body lacks sufficient energy for overnight recovery. Interestingly, the group with balanced energy intake saw greater sleep benefits than those with the highest calorie consumption.
The findings highlight a clear connection between energy balance and sleep quality in women. Those who maintain a stable intake and expenditure of calories are less likely to experience insufficient sleep. The study also underscores the role of metabolism and immune function in regulating sleep patterns, particularly in women.
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